welding machine in faridabad

Welding

Use of the welding in today’s technology is extensive. Welding is used in every branch of science and technology. Such as computer industries, electronic industries, mechanical industries, petrochemical industries, etc.

History of Arc Welding

Arc welding machine 1^st described by Davy in England in late 1809, but beginning of arc welding machine could become possible only the improvement in generator/dynamometer. Welding of metals by carbon arc was 1^st suggested by a French person in 1881. In 1889, Zerner proposed an idea for twin carbon arc welding. In 1907 in America Strohmenger obtained another patent on flux coated electrode and 1^st good welding joint was produced, he used asbestors coating with sodium silicate binder. Now a lot of changes and development have occurred for constituents of flux coating and core wire composition.

In 1928 shielding of welding (CO₂) possible by Alexender in USA. 1^st TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas)  welding machine and MIG (Metal Inert Gas)  welding machine develop consequently in 1946 and 1948 respectively.

Joining Process: On the basics of composition of the joint, joining process are three types:

1. Homogeneous Process: In the joining process filler rod (electrode) is used and two same metals are joining no pressure is applying during the welding process.
2. Heterogeneous Process: In this joining process filler metal is soluble in both the parent metal which themselves are soluble in each other.
3. Autogeneous Process: In this type of welding process no filler rod is used but pressure is extensively used. Resistance welding, forge welding, friction welding, diffusion welding are the examples of autogeneous welding.

Metals that can be welded

• Ferrous metals such as low carbon steel, high carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron, etc. (ferrous metals are those metals which are richer in carbon means having iron as a main constituents).
• Non-ferrous metals are those materials which are richer other than carbon such as Al,Cu, brass, nickel magnesium, zinc and its alloys.

Advantages of Welding

• Welding joints are stronger as base metal.
• Machining are possible on welding joints such as (grinding, shapering etc.).
• Welding joints efficiency up to 100%.
• Appearance of welding joint is very good.
• Alteration and amendment is possible in existing structure use by welding.
• A large numbers of similar and dissimilar metals can be welded easily.
• Weld joints are light in weight.
• Welding is a permanent joint.

Limitations of Welding

• Skill person is needed for welding purpose.
• Ultra-violet rays and infrared rays generate during the welding process which harm full for operator’s skin as  well as eyes.
• Distortion due to high temperature is possible in workpiece.
• Thermal stresses developed in workpiece heat treatment process are required to relieve the thermal stresses.
• Weld heat produces metallurgical changes in workpiece.
• Edge preparation is required before welding which is time and labor consuming process.
• Special jigs and fixtures are required for welding purpose.

Comparison of Welding with Other Joining Processes

• Welding joints are lighter in weight as compared to riveting and casting (process).
• Welding is more economical and much faster process as compared to casting and riveting.
• Welding joint have more tensile strength and rigid as compared to riveting and casting.
• Less cost involvement in welding as compared to riveting and casting.
• Welding produces 100% efficient joint which is not possible by any other joining process.
• Jig-fixture not so much required as compared in reverting and casting.
• Welding is a permanent joint while riveting and bolting are not permanent joint (temporary joint).

Applications of Welding

• Automobile industries
• Building construction
• Railroad industries
• Pressure vessels and tank (cylinders)
• Aircraft industries
• Storage tank
• Pipeline industries
• Petrochemical industries
• Earth moving equipment and machinery
• Shipbuilding industries